I hate articles like this: Apple, Google, Amazon Pay Corporate Income Tax Well Below Official Rate – US Business News – CNBC.
Of course they do. The default tax rate is something like 40%. However expenses are deductible, reducing that rate to what may seem like a pittance. Maybe it would make more sense to look at it like this:
Suppose I go out and start a C-Corp as a second business and (as a simple number), I make $10,000 this year in profit. I manage to whittle my effective tax rate down to 10% by tracking my expenses really well. So I end up with $9,000 in after-tax business profit. Assume that I distribute this all out to myself at the end of the year. Now I have to pay personal income tax on $9,000 of income. Let’s pretend I have to pay 15% on those gains through some tax trickery where I pay a low rate. By the time I’m done, I’m left with: $7650
1 – (7650/10000) = 1 – .765 = .235 = 23.5%
There’s a reason why the LLC and S-Corp organizational structures are the preferred structure of small businesses – these structures avoid the double taxation problem and both entities essentially serve as a pass-through.
The problem with growth stocks is that they do not pay out dividends, making this example a bit more difficult to see. However growth stocks typically re-invest profits to grow the share value. Assuming the stock price increases between the time you purchase it and when you sell it, you are paying taxes at the corporate level and then at the personal level when you cash in.
Even if the price of the stock loses value and you sell at a loss, the taxes have already been paid. Even then, your ability to claim a loss in a diversified portfolio is minimized. You have to take all of your capital gains, subtract the loss and then claim the loss on your tax form. The max loss you can take is $3,000 (you can can carry excess losses forward). However, because the stock is a growth stock, you essentially re-invested your share of the profits in the business. You paid taxes on a portion of the corporate income, but when it comes time to claim your capital loss, you can’t claim those taxes, paid at the corporate level, as a part of your capital loss. This effectively reduces the value of the loss you can claim/carry.
For non-dividend-paying stocks, the only time you are not double-taxed is when the business pays a 0% tax rate and you have a capital loss that exceeds your capital gains. Over a diversified portfolio, the likelihood of such an event is minimal. You will have to pay some taxes at the corporate level, as a shareholder, somewhere in the portfolio mix.
And for those who seem to think double-taxing of dividends is a myth or a “privilege” of being a shareholder in a corporation, the IRS specifically states it is a double-tax.